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Rajnish
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Asked: August 7, 20202020-08-07T19:56:14+05:30 2020-08-07T19:56:14+05:30In: UPSC MAINS

Three ranges of Himalayas its Features and Importance

Describe three ranges of Himalayas, Greater Himalayas, Lesser Himalayas, Shivalik range, Himachal Range.

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    1. Sweety

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      2020-08-08T17:55:28+05:30Added an answer on August 8, 2020 at 5:55 pm

      THE HIMALAYAS

      • Young and fold mountains.
      • Formed as a collision of Indo -Australian plate with Eurasian plate.
      • Length -2500 km
      • Width – 400 Km in Kashmir to 150 km in Arunachal Pradesh.
      • Most of the Himalayan ranges fell in India ,Nepal and Bhutan.
      • Northern- partly situated in Tibet (trans himalayas)
      • western part are extremely in Pakistan Afghanistan and central Asia.
      • GRADIENT
      • Southern slope- steep gradients.
      • Northern slopes- gentler slopes
      • Brahmputra marks the easternmost boundry of Himalayas.

      Three ranges of Himalayas:

      Lesser Himalayas or Trans Himalayas or Middle Himalayas (Himachal Range)

      • Also known as Tibetan Himalayas  ( most of it lies in Tibet)
      • North of Great Himalayas.
      • Length – 1000 km
      • Ranges-Kailash ,Zaskar,Ladakh,karakoram.

       

      Greater Himalayas (Himadri)

      • South of Trans Himalayas
      • Loftiest of all
      • Average Height:-6000m
      • Granite core
      • Mt.Everest (8848km)highest peak in Nepal
      • Kanchanjunga (8598km) highest peak in India.
      • Most continous mountain range in the world.
      • Middle or Lesser Himalayasor Himachal:-
      • South of Himadri
      • Most rugged
      • Average Altitude is between 3700-4500km
      • Hill Station
      • Famous ranges:-Pirpanjal ( longest).
      • Famos valley :- Kasmir, kullu kangra.

       

      Shivalik Range /Outer Himalayas:

      • Overlooking the great plains
      • Average Altitude is between 900km and 1100km
      • Composed of unconsolidated sediments.
      • Purvachal hills :
      • Also known as eastern himalayas.
      • Composed of strong sandstones/sedimentary rocks.
      • Beyond Dihang Gorge (Nimcha Barwa Gorge)
      • The Himalayas turn sharply south in a crescent shape
      • Extended from Arunachal Pradesh in North and Mizoram in south
      • Main hills:- Patkai Hills Naga hills Manipur Hills and Mizo hills

       

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