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Khushboo
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Asked: November 10, 20212021-11-10T14:40:02+05:30 2021-11-10T14:40:02+05:30In: History

Tell us about the Government of India Act, 1935.

Tell us about the Government of India Act, 1935.

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      [Deleted User]
      2021-11-10T14:45:16+05:30Added an answer on November 10, 2021 at 2:45 pm

      Government of India Act, 1935

      • Dyarchy, rejected by the Simon Commission, was provided for in the Federal Executive.
      • The Federal Legislature was to have two chambers (bicameral)—the Council of States and the Federal Legislative Assembly. The Council of States (the Upper House) was to be a permanent body.
      • There were to be three subject lists—the Federal Legislative List, the Provincial Legislative List, and the Concurrent Legislative List. Residuary legislative powers were subject to the discretion of the governor-general
      • There was a provision for joint sitting in cases of deadlock between the houses. Residuary legislative powers were subject to the discretion of the governor-general.
      • Even if a bill was passed by the federal legislature, the governor-general could veto it, while even Acts assented to by the governor-general could be disallowed by the King-in-Council.
      • Dyarchy in the provinces was abolished and provinces were given autonomy, i.e., the distinction between Reserved and Transferred Subjects was abolished and full responsible government was established.
      • Provinces derived their power and authority directly from the British Crown. They were given independent financial powers and resources.
      • Provincial legislatures were further expanded. Bicameral legislatures were provided in the six provinces of Madras, Bombay, Bengal, United Provinces, Bihar, and Assam, with the other five provinces retaining unicameral legislatures.
      • The principles of ‘communal electorates’ and ‘weightage’ were further extended to depressed classes, women, and labor.
      • The franchise was extended, with about 10 percent of the total population getting the right to vote.
      • The Act also provided for a Federal Court with original and appellate powers, but the Privy Council in London was to dominate this court.
      • The India Council of the Secretary of State was abolished.
      • The British government decided to introduce provincial autonomy on April 1, 1937, but the Central government continued to be governed in accordance with the 1919 Act.
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